TR4. 239 Rǐght ás thě wýldě bóle by̌gýnněth sprýngě,
TR4. 240 Nǒw hér, nǒw thér, ǐdártěd tó thě hértě,
TR4. 241 Ǎnd óf hǐs déth rórěth ǐn cómplěynýngě,
TR4. 242 Rǐght só gǎn hé ǎbóute thě chámbrě stértě,
TR4. 243 Smýty̌ng hǐs brést ǎy wíth hǐs fístěs smértě;
TR4. 244 Hǐs héd tǒ thě wál, hǐs bódy̌ tó thě gróundě
TR4. 245 Fǔl ófte hě swápte, hy̌msélvěn tó cǒnfóundě.

Line Information

• Differences among the manuscripts and editions:
• English translations (Windeatt: 1998):  Just as the wild bull, when pierced to the heart by a dart, begins to lunge now here, now there, and roars out in lamentation of his death, just so Troilus began to fling himself around the room, all the time pounding his breast violently with his fists; he repeatedly crashed his head against the wall and battered his body against the ground, in order to destroy himself.
• Japanese translations (Sasamoto: 2012): まさに心臓を射抜かれた野牛が、あちらこちらに跳ねて暴れ出し、断末炭の唸り声をあげるように、ずっと拳で激しく自分の胸をたたきながら、部屋中を跳びまわり、頭を壁にぶつけ、くたばれと、たびたび体を床にたたきつけた。
• Chinese translations (Fang: 1956): 犹如一只野牛受了箭疮那样东奔西闯，在临死的一刻哀号着，如是他独自在房中乱窜，捏着拳头痛槌胸膛，头碰在墙上，身子倒地，简直不想活命了。

Word Information

• Etymology: OE
• Addresser: Narrator
• Addressee: N/A
• Adjectives with which juxtaposed: N/A
• Counterpart in its source (Fil): 4.27
• Noun(s) (NPs) modified: animals (a bull)
• Attributive/ Predicative: attributive

Information in Previous Studies

• OED: OE
• MED: OE

• Commented in other previous works:
• Windeatt (2003): N/A
• Fisher (1989): N/A
• Benson (1987): N/A
• Davis et al. (1979): Not quoted
• Donaldson (1975): N/A
• Baugh (1963): N/A

Possible Definitions

violent, wild

Comments from the Editor

This stanza closely aligns with Fil.4.27, where both Troilus (Troiolo) is likened to a bull. However, there is a slight difference. In Fil, Troiolo not only smashes his head against the wall but also strikes his face with his hands. Additionally, Troiolo does not batter his body against the ground as described in this stanza.