TR3. 92 Ĭn cháungĕd vóis, rĭght fór hĭs vérrăy drédĕ,
TR3. 93 Whĭch vóis ĕk quóok, ănd thértŏ hís mănérĕ
TR3. 94 Góodly̆ ăbáist, ănd nów hĭs héwĕs rédĕ,
TR3. 95 Nŏw pále, ŭntó Crĭséyde, hĭs lády̆ dérĕ,
TR3. 96 Wĭth lóok dŏwn cást ănd húmble ĭyóldĕn chérĕ,
TR3. 97 Ló, thĕ áldĕrfírstĕ wórd thăt hým ăstértĕ
TR3. 98 Wăs, twýĕs, “Mércy̆, mércy̆, swétĕ hértĕ!”

Line Information

• Differences among the manuscripts and editions:
• English translations (Windeatt: 1998): In altered voice (precisely because of his sheer dread), which voice also trembled … with his manner becomingly abashed as well … his complexion now flushed, now pale … with lowered gaze and humbly submissive expression … see! the very first word that escaped him to Criseyde, his dear lady, was twice: ‘Mercy, mercy, sweet heart!’
• Japanese translations (Sasamoto: 2012): 本当の恐れのために、変わってしまった声になって、その声はまた震え、加えて彼の態度はそれ相応にはにかみ、愛する恋人、クリセイデに対して、顔色は赤くなったり、青くなったりして、伏し目がちになり、慎ましい従順な表情で、彼から漏れた最初の言葉は、ほら、この通り、「恋人よ、お情けを、お情けを！」と二度あった。
• Chinese translations (Fang: 1956): 他的嗓子改换了，吓得发颤，局促不安，脸色时红时白，眼睛望着地，向他的心爱克丽西德卑顺地开言，第一个字覆说了两遍，“怜……怜悯我，甜蜜的心！”

Word Information

• Etymology: OE
• Addresser: Narrator or C(N)
• Addressee: N/A
• Adjectives with which juxtaposed: humble
• Counterpart in its source (Fil): N/A
• Noun(s) (NPs) modified: attitude (Troilus’ chere)
• Attributive/ Predicative: attributive

Information in Previous Studies

• OED: Not quoted
• MED: Not quoted

• Commented in other previous works:
• Windeatt (2003: 127): iyolden: submissive
• Fisher (1989: 449): yolden: submissive
• Benson (1987: 515): iyolden: yielded (submissive)
• Davis et al. (1979): submissive (s.v. yelde(n/yilde(n, v.)
• Donaldson (1975: 814): yyolden cheere: submissive look
• Baugh (1963: 128): iyolden: submissive

Possible Definitions

submissive

Comments from the Editor

See my comments of ‘alderfirste’ (adj., Tr3.97) and ‘cler’ (adj., Tr3.129).