TR4.1177 Shĕ cóld wăs, ánd wĭthóutĕn séntĕmént TR4.1178 Fŏr áught hĕ wóot, fŏr bréth nĕ félte hĕ nón, TR4.1179 Ănd thís wăs hým ă prégnănt árgŭmént TR4.1180 Thăt shé wăs fórth ŏut óf thĭs wórld ăgón. TR4.1181 Ănd whán hĕ sáy thĕr wás nŏn óthĕr wóon, TR4.1182 Hĕ gán hĭre lýmĕs drésse ĭn swích mănérĕ TR4.1183 Ăs mén dŏn hém thăt shál bĕn láyd ŏn béerĕ.
Line Information
- Differences among the manuscripts and editions:
- English translation (Windeatt: 1998) (Windeatt: 1998): She was cold and without sensation, for all he knew, for he felt no breath, and this was a compelling argument to him that she had gone forth from out of this world. When he saw there was no other way, he arranged her limbs in such a way as is done for those who will be laid on a bier.
- Japanese translation (Sasamoto: 2012) (Sasamoto: 2012): 彼女は冷たくなった、そして感覚がなかったのだろう、彼にはよくわからないが、呼吸を感じなかったからだ。息をしないのは彼女がこの世から去ってしまったという彼には従わざるを得ない証拠だった。彼は他に方策がないと見てとると、人びとが棺の上に寝かされる遺体のために行うように、彼女の四肢を整え揃えた。
- Chinese translation (Fang: 1956) (Fang: 1956): 他见她已经僵冷，失却了知觉，呼吸也已停止，认为她确已辞别了世间。他已无计可施，只好安置着她的手脚，摆着躺上棺柩的姿态。
Word Information
- Etymology: OE
- Addresser: T(N)
- Addressee: N/A
- Adjectives with which juxtaposed: N/A
- Counterpart in its source (Fil): 4.119
- Noun(s) (NPs) modified: external parts of body (Criseyde’s body)
- Attributive/ Predicative: predicative
Information in Previous Studies
- OED: Not quoted
- MED: (Quoted) 3. (a) Lacking the warmth of a living being, lifeless, frigid; ~ deth; ~ as ashes; brennen to ashes (coles) ~; (s.v. cold, adj.)
- Commented in other previous works:
- Windeatt (2003): N/A
- Fisher (1989): N/A
- Benson (1987): N/A
- Davis et al. (1979): Not quoted
- Donaldson (1975): N/A
- Baugh (1963): N/A
Possible Definitions
lacking the warmth of a living being, lifeless, frigid
Comments from the Editor
Criseyde is sad due to the parliament’s decision that will exchange her for Antenor. She faints and becomes lifeless like a corpse. The quotation above follows Fil.4.119, in which Troiolo dries Criseida’s face and composes her body (the author indicates that this is common practice with the dead). However, this practice opposes the custom in London, and therefore, Troilus only arranges Criseyde’s limbs in the custom of those who will be laid on a bier in Chaucer’s time.