TR4.351 Ă cértĕyn knýght thăt fór thĕ týmĕ képtĕ
TR4.352 Thĕ chámbrĕ dóor ŭndíde ĭt hým ănón;
TR4.353 Ănd Pándăre, thát fŭl téndrĕlíchĕ wéptĕ,
TR4.354 Ĭntó thĕ dérkĕ chámbre, ăs stílle ăs stón,
TR4.355 Tŏwárd thĕ béd găn sóftĕlý tŏ gón,
TR4.356 Sŏ cónfŭs thát hĕ nýstĕ whát tŏ séyĕ;
TR4.357 Fŏr vérrăy wó hĭs wít wăs néigh ăwéyĕ.

Line Information

• Differences among the manuscripts and editions:
• English translation (Windeatt: 1998) (Windeatt: 1998): A certain knight who at that time was guarding the chamber door undid it for him at once, and Pandarus, who was weeping most tenderly, went softly into the darkened room towards the bed, so confused that he did not know what to say. His mind was nearly gone, for sheer misery.
• Japanese translation (Sasamoto: 2012) (Sasamoto: 2012): その時その部屋の扉を守っていた騎士は、すぐにその部屋のかんぬきをはずしてくれた。さめざめと泣くパンダルスは、石の如く黙って、暗い部屋の中の中へ入り、ベッドの方へそっと近づいたが、気持が混乱しすぎて何を言えばよいか分からず、心底から悲しくて気も失わんばかりになった。
• Chinese translation (Fang: 1956) (Fang: 1956): 那时一个卫士把守门口，见了他来马上打开，彭大瑞心痛泪滴，静悄悄走进那幽暗的卧室，移步床边，焦灼得说不出话来；愁虑使他的神魂都飞散了。

Word Information

• Etymology: L
• Addresser: Narrator
• Addressee: N/A
• Adjectives with which juxtaposed: N/A
• Counterpart in its source (Fil): 4.43
• Noun(s) (NPs) modified: human beings (male: Pandarus)
• Attributive/ Predicative: predicative

Information in Previous Studies

• OED: Not quoted
• MED: (Quoted) 2. (a) Perplexed, disconcerted, upset; befuddled (s.v. confūs(ed, ppl.)

• Commented in other previous works:
• Windeatt (2003: 213): confus: confused
• Fisher (1989: 482): confus: confused
• Benson (1987): N/A
• Davis et al. (1979): (Quoted) confused (s.v. confus, adj.)
• Donaldson (1975): N/A
• Baugh (1963): N/A

Possible Definitions

confused, perplexed; ashamed, embarrassed

Comments from the Editor

After hearing that the parliament has decided to exchange Criseyde for Antenor, Pandarus hurries to Troilus’s palace. The quotation and the stanza preceding this differ from Fil. In Fil, Pandaro visits at Troiolo’s request. However, in Chaucer’s work, we find a more considerate Pandarus coming to comfort Troilus by his own will. The Italian source does not offer details about Pandaro’s visit, stating plainly ‘Pandaro venne’ (Pandaro came; Fil.4.43, 1). However, Chaucer describes him coming to Troilus ‘in a rees’ (in a hurry). The word ‘rees’, which contains the nuance of ‘fierce, violent’, is only used once by Chaucer throughout all his works, and it shows that Pandarus is worried.