amaien ppl. adj

  amaien 
TR4.638 “Whí, sŏ mĕne Í,” quŏd Pándăre, “ál thĭs dáy.
TR4.639 Bŭt télle mĕ thánne, hăstów hĭre wíl ăssáyĕd,
TR4.640 Thăt sórwĕst thús?” Ănd hé ănswérde hy̆m, “Náy.”
TR4.641 “Whĕróf ărtów,” quŏd Pándăre, “thánne ămáyĕd,
TR4.642 Thăt nóst năt thát shĕ wól bĕn ývele ăppáyĕd
TR4.643 Tŏ rávy̆sshe híre, sy̆n thów hăst nóught bĕn thérĕ,
TR4.644 Bŭt íf thăt Jóvĕ tólde ĭt ín thy̆n érĕ?

Line Information

  • Differences among the manuscripts and editions:
  • English translation (Windeatt: 1998): ‘Why,’ said Pandarus, ‘that’s what I’ve been meaning all this time! But tell me then, you who are sorrowing like this: have you sounded her out on what she wants?’ ‘No,’ he replied. ‘What are you so dismayed about then, when you don’t know whether she’ll be upset if you carry her off, since you haven’t been there — unless Jove whispered it in your ear?
  • Japanese translation (Sasamoto: 2012): 「もちろん、私も、今日一日そう思っていたのです。でもそれでは教えてください。このように悲しんでおられますが、彼女の望みは分かったのですか。」「いや。」「それでは、何で狼狽なさっているのですか。彼女をさらうと彼女が腹を立てるかどうか分からないのに、貴方はまだそこ（逢い引き場所）に行っていないのですから、ユーピテルが貴方の耳元にそう囁いたのなら別ですが。
  • Chinese translation (Fang: 1956): “可以，”彭大瑞道，“我说了这[么]久，也正是这个意思。却是你凭空如此伤感，究竟你试探过她的心意没有呢？”“没有，”他答道。“那么你何苦预先就丧胆呢？”彭大瑞道，“你还没有见到她，你又不知道她自己被送走是不是心中不乐，难道穹父在你耳朵边已经透露了这个消息不成？

Word Information

  • Etymology: AF
  • Addresser: Pandarus
  • Addressee: Troilus
  • Adjectives with which juxtaposed: N/A
  • Counterpart in its source (Fil): N/A
  • Noun(s) (NPs) modified: human beings (male: Troilus)
  • Attributive/ Predicative: predicative

Information in Previous Studies

  • OED: (Quoted) Dismayed (s.v. † amayˈed, adj.)
  • MED: (Quoted) 1. (b) ben amaied, to lose courage (at the prospect of danger), be alarmed, be afraid; to be filled with consternation or dismay (at an unforseen event, etc.), be stunned. (s.v. amaien, v.)
  • Commented in other previous works:
  • Windeatt (2003: 225): Wherof artow … amayed: what are you upset about
  • Fisher (1989: 493): amayed: dismayed
  • Benson (1987: 546): amayed: amazed  
  • Davis et al. (1979): (Quoted) amazed (s.v. amayed, p.p.)
  • Donaldson (1975: 897): amayed: dismayed
  • Baugh (1963: 165): amayed: dismayed

Possible Definitions

dismayed, amazed, perplexed, concerned

Comments from the Editor

This adjective “amaien” (ppl. adj.) is only used twice (1.648, 4.641) in the entirety of Chaucer’s works and both instances occur in Pandarus’s speeches to Troilus.   

 “Troilus is extremely distressed after hearing the news of Criseyde’s exchange and in the above quotation, Pandarus asks Troilus to calm down so that he can take the next step of arranging another meeting between the two lovers.