TR3.1415 Bŭt whán thĕ cók, cŏmúne ăstrólŏgér,
TR3.1416 Găn ón hĭs brést tŏ béte ănd áftĕr crówĕ,
TR3.1417 Ănd Lúcy̆fér, thĕ dáyĕs méssăgér,
TR3.1418 Găn fór tŏ ríse ănd óut hĭre bémĕs thrówĕ,
TR3.1419 Ănd éstwărd róos -- tŏ hým thăt kóude ĭt knówĕ --,
TR3.1420 Fŏrtúnă Májŏr, thát ănóon Crĭséydĕ,
TR3.1421 Wĭth hértĕ sóor, tŏ Tróĭlús thŭs séydĕ:

Line Information

• Differences among the manuscripts and editions:
• English translations (Windeatt: 1998): But when the cock—that communal astrologer—began to beat his breast and then crow, and the morning star Venus, messenger of day, began to rise and cast forth her beams, and eastwards (to whoever knew how to recognize it) Fortuna major was rising—then Criseyde, with heavy heart, spoke at once to Troilus like this:
• Japanese translations (Sasamoto: 2012): しかし、大衆の時計係、雄鶏が、羽ばたき、時を作り始め、昼の使者、明けの明星(*ルシファー)が、昇り、光を放ち始める、東の空にーー知る人ぞ知るーー*『運星』が昇った。クリセイデはたちまちひどく悲しくなって、トロイルスにこう言った。
• Chinese translations (Fang: 1956): 那不知趣的雄鸡为人间报时，向胸前扑着两翅，高唱起来，晓星高起，放出光芒，引进了白昼，东方射着主宿，照耀天地，克丽西德此时心中生愁，向特罗勒斯道，

Word Information

• Etymology: L
• Addresser: Narrator
• Addressee: N/A
• Adjectives with which juxtaposed: N/A
• Counterpart in its source (Fil): N/A (but see 3.42)
• Noun(s) (NPs) modified: heavenly body (Fortuna)
• Attributive/ Predicative: predicative 

Information in Previous Studies

• OED: Not quoted
• MED:
• 1. (b) Fortuna ~, a star or constellation, ?of stars in Pegasus and Aquarius; (s.v. mājǒur, adj.)

• Commented in other previous works:
• Windeatt (2003): N/A
• Fisher (1989): N/A
• Benson (1987: 532): Fortuna Major: here a constellation or planet, but also a figure in geomancy; see n.
• Davis et al. (1979): Not quoted
• Donaldson (1975: 861): Fortuna Major: ? a constellation
• Baugh (1963: 148): Fortuna Major: A designation for Jupiter, but the allusion is supposed to be to a group of six stars in the constellations Aquarius and Pegasus. The group would be rising in the east in England at the date of the poem. Curry (MLN, XXXVIII. 94-96) interprets it as the Sun, but this would leave the phrase “to him that coude it knowe” almost meaningless.

Possible Definitions

Fortuna ~: here refers to a star or constellation

Comments from the Editor

See my comment of ‘commune’ (adj., Tr3.1415).