certain adj.

  certain
TR4.568 “Thŭs ám Ĭ lóst, fŏr áught thăt Í kăn sée.
TR4.569 Fŏr cértĕyn ís, sy̆n thát Ĭ ám hĭre knýght,
TR4.570 Ĭ móste hĭre hónŏur lévĕre hán thăn mé
TR4.571 Ĭn évery̆ cás, ăs lóvĕre óught ŏf ríght.
TR4.572 Thŭs ám Ĭ wíth dĕsír ănd résŏn twíght:
TR4.573 Dĕsír fŏr tó dĕstóurbĕn híre mĕ rédĕth,
TR4.574 Ănd résŏn nýl năt; só my̆n hértĕ drédĕth.”

Line Information

  • Differences among the manuscripts and editions:
  • English translation (Windeatt: 1998) (Windeatt: 1998): And so I’m done for, as far as I can see! For certainly, since I’m her knight, I must value her honour more highly than myself in every situation, as a lover ought by rights to do. And so I’m pulled both ways between desire and reason: desire advises me to prevent her going, and reason won’t have it, and so at heart I’m afraid!’
  • Japanese translation (Sasamoto: 2012) (Sasamoto: 2012): 従って、おれの見る限り、おれはもう駄目だ。確かに、おれは彼女の騎士であるから、恋人のやるべき当然の権利として、どんな場合でも、おれより彼女の名誉を高く守らなくてはならないからだ。だから今おれは欲望と理性との間で引っ張り合いされているんだ。欲望がおれにあの人の出発を妨げろと忠告するし、理性は承知しない、そこでおれの気持として悩んでいるのだ。」
  • Chinese translation (Fang: 1956) (Fang: 1956): 所以我看来看去,惟有死路一条;因为我既是她的守护者,当然以她的人格为重,以自身的存亡为轻。因此,愿望与正道在我心中斗争;愿望劝我去烦扰她,正道却阻止我,我的心惶恐到了万分。”

Word Information

  • Etymology: OF
  • Addresser: Troilus
  • Addressee: Pandarus
  • Adjectives with which juxtaposed: N/A
  • Counterpart in its source (Fil): 4.68
  • Noun(s) (NPs) modified: Others (the fact that as Criseyde’s knight, Troilus must value her honour more highly than himself in every situation)
  • Attributive/ Predicative: predicative

Information in Previous Studies

  • OED: Not quoted
  • MED: Not quoted
  • Commented in other previous works:
  • Windeatt (2003): N/A
  • Fisher (1989): N/A
  • Benson (1987): N/A
  • Davis et al. (1979): Not quoted
  • Donaldson (1975): N/A
  • Baugh (1963): N/A

Possible Definitions

true, indubitable

Comments from the Editor

Chaucer follows Fil.4.68 in this scene. Both Troilus and Troiolo desire to capture their heroine, yet both fear to disturb her honour and good name.